Fixes the following Clang 7 warnings and bugs:
```
editor/plugins/curve_editor_plugin.cpp:208:69: warning: logical not is only applied to the left hand side of this comparison [-Wlogical-not-parentheses]
editor/plugins/curve_editor_plugin.cpp:214:43: warning: logical not is only applied to the left hand side of this comparison [-Wlogical-not-parentheses]
```
Changed according to @Zylann's suggestion on
https://github.com/godotengine/godot/pull/22593#discussion_r221699573
This allows more consistency in the manner we include core headers,
where previously there would be a mix of absolute, relative and
include path-dependent includes.
Rename user facing methods and variables as well as the corresponding
C++ methods according to the folloming changes:
* pos -> position
* rot -> rotation
* loc -> location
C++ variables are left as is.
Currently we rely on some undefined behavior when Object->cast_to() gets
called with a Null pointer. This used to work fine with GCC < 6 but
newer versions of GCC remove all codepaths in which the this pointer is
Null. However, the non-static cast_to() was supposed to be null safe.
This patch makes cast_to() Null safe and removes the now redundant Null
checks where they existed.
It is explained in this article: https://www.viva64.com/en/b/0226/
