Introduce Managed State.

Cargo.toml

@@ -28,4 +28,5 @@ members = [
   "examples/hello_alt_methods",
   "examples/raw_upload",
   "examples/pastebin",
+  "examples/state",
 ]

examples/from_request/src/main.rs

@@ -40,13 +40,15 @@ mod test {
     use rocket::http::Header;
 
     fn test_header_count<'h>(headers: Vec<Header<'static>>) {
+        let rocket = rocket::ignite()
+            .mount("/", routes![super::header_count]);
+
         let num_headers = headers.len();
         let mut req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/");
         for header in headers {
             req = req.header(header);
         }
 
-        let rocket = rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![super::header_count]);
         let mut response = req.dispatch_with(&rocket);
 
         let expect = format!("Your request contained {} headers!", num_headers);

examples/handlebars_templates/src/tests.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ macro_rules! run_test {
             .mount("/", routes![super::index, super::get])
             .catch(errors![super::not_found]);
 
-        $test_fn($req.dispatch_with(&rocket));
+        let mut req = $req;
+        $test_fn(req.dispatch_with(&rocket));
     })
 }
 
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ macro_rules! run_test {
 fn test_root() {
     // Check that the redirect works.
     for method in &[Get, Head] {
-        let mut req = MockRequest::new(*method, "/");
+        let req = MockRequest::new(*method, "/");
         run_test!(req, |mut response: Response| {
             assert_eq!(response.status(), Status::SeeOther);
             assert!(response.body().is_none());
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ fn test_root() {
 
     // Check that other request methods are not accepted (and instead caught).
     for method in &[Post, Put, Delete, Options, Trace, Connect, Patch] {
-        let mut req = MockRequest::new(*method, "/");
+        let req = MockRequest::new(*method, "/");
         run_test!(req, |mut response: Response| {
             assert_eq!(response.status(), Status::NotFound);
 
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ fn test_root() {
 #[test]
 fn test_name() {
     // Check that the /hello/<name> route works.
-    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/hello/Jack");
+    let req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/hello/Jack");
     run_test!(req, |mut response: Response| {
         assert_eq!(response.status(), Status::Ok);
 
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ fn test_name() {
 #[test]
 fn test_404() {
     // Check that the error catcher works.
-    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/hello/");
+    let req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/hello/");
     run_test!(req, |mut response: Response| {
         assert_eq!(response.status(), Status::NotFound);
 

examples/json/src/tests.rs

@@ -10,14 +10,15 @@ macro_rules! run_test {
             .mount("/message", routes![super::new, super::update, super::get])
             .catch(errors![super::not_found]);
 
-        $test_fn($req.dispatch_with(&rocket));
+        let mut req = $req;
+        $test_fn(req.dispatch_with(&rocket));
     })
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn bad_get_put() {
     // Try to get a message with an ID that doesn't exist.
-    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/message/99").header(ContentType::JSON);
+    let req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/message/99").header(ContentType::JSON);
     run_test!(req, |mut response: Response| {
         assert_eq!(response.status(), Status::NotFound);
 
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ fn bad_get_put() {
     });
 
     // Try to get a message with an invalid ID.
-    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/message/hi").header(ContentType::JSON);
+    let req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/message/hi").header(ContentType::JSON);
     run_test!(req, |mut response: Response| {
         assert_eq!(response.status(), Status::NotFound);
         let body = response.body().unwrap().into_string().unwrap();
@@ -35,13 +36,13 @@ fn bad_get_put() {
     });
 
     // Try to put a message without a proper body.
-    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Put, "/message/80").header(ContentType::JSON);
+    let req = MockRequest::new(Put, "/message/80").header(ContentType::JSON);
     run_test!(req, |response: Response| {
         assert_eq!(response.status(), Status::BadRequest);
     });
 
     // Try to put a message for an ID that doesn't exist.
-    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Put, "/message/80")
+    let req = MockRequest::new(Put, "/message/80")
         .header(ContentType::JSON)
         .body(r#"{ "contents": "Bye bye, world!" }"#);
 
@@ -53,13 +54,13 @@ fn bad_get_put() {
 #[test]
 fn post_get_put_get() {
     // Check that a message with ID 1 doesn't exist.
-    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/message/1").header(ContentType::JSON);
+    let req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/message/1").header(ContentType::JSON);
     run_test!(req, |response: Response| {
         assert_eq!(response.status(), Status::NotFound);
     });
 
     // Add a new message with ID 1.
-    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Post, "/message/1")
+    let req = MockRequest::new(Post, "/message/1")
         .header(ContentType::JSON)
         .body(r#"{ "contents": "Hello, world!" }"#);
 
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ fn post_get_put_get() {
     });
 
     // Check that the message exists with the correct contents.
-    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/message/1") .header(ContentType::JSON);
+    let req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/message/1") .header(ContentType::JSON);
     run_test!(req, |mut response: Response| {
         assert_eq!(response.status(), Status::Ok);
         let body = response.body().unwrap().into_string().unwrap();
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ fn post_get_put_get() {
     });
 
     // Change the message contents.
-    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Put, "/message/1")
+    let req = MockRequest::new(Put, "/message/1")
         .header(ContentType::JSON)
         .body(r#"{ "contents": "Bye bye, world!" }"#);
 
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ fn post_get_put_get() {
     });
 
     // Check that the message exists with the updated contents.
-    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/message/1") .header(ContentType::JSON);
+    let req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/message/1") .header(ContentType::JSON);
     run_test!(req, |mut response: Response| {
         assert_eq!(response.status(), Status::Ok);
         let body = response.body().unwrap().into_string().unwrap();

examples/state/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+[package]
+name = "state"
+version = "0.0.1"
+workspace = "../../"
+
+[dependencies]
+rocket = { path = "../../lib" }
+rocket_codegen = { path = "../../codegen" }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+rocket = { path = "../../lib", features = ["testing"] }

examples/state/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#![feature(plugin)]
+#![plugin(rocket_codegen)]
+
+extern crate rocket;
+
+#[cfg(test)] mod tests;
+
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
+
+use rocket::State;
+use rocket::response::content;
+
+struct HitCount(AtomicUsize);
+
+#[get("/")]
+fn index(hit_count: State<HitCount>) -> content::HTML<String> {
+    hit_count.0.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
+    let msg = "Your visit has been recorded!";
+    let count = format!("Visits: {}", count(hit_count));
+    content::HTML(format!("{}<br /><br />{}", msg, count))
+}
+
+#[get("/count")]
+fn count(hit_count: State<HitCount>) -> String {
+    hit_count.0.load(Ordering::Relaxed).to_string()
+}
+
+fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
+    rocket::ignite()
+        .mount("/", routes![index, count])
+        .manage(HitCount(AtomicUsize::new(0)))
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    rocket().launch();
+}

examples/state/src/tests.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+use rocket::Rocket;
+use rocket::testing::MockRequest;
+use rocket::http::Method::*;
+use rocket::http::Status;
+
+fn register_hit(rocket: &Rocket) {
+    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/");
+    let response = req.dispatch_with(&rocket);
+    assert_eq!(response.status(), Status::Ok);
+}
+
+fn get_count(rocket: &Rocket) -> usize {
+    let mut req = MockRequest::new(Get, "/count");
+    let mut response = req.dispatch_with(&rocket);
+    let body_string = response.body().and_then(|b| b.into_string()).unwrap();
+    body_string.parse().unwrap()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_count() {
+    let rocket = super::rocket();
+
+    // Count should start at 0.
+    assert_eq!(get_count(&rocket), 0);
+
+    for _ in 0..99 { register_hit(&rocket); }
+    assert_eq!(get_count(&rocket), 99);
+
+    register_hit(&rocket);
+    assert_eq!(get_count(&rocket), 100);
+}
+
+// Cargo runs each test in parallel on different threads. We use all of these
+// tests below to show (and assert) that state is managed per-Rocket instance.
+#[test] fn test_count_parallel() { test_count() }
+#[test] fn test_count_parallel_2() { test_count() }
+#[test] fn test_count_parallel_3() { test_count() }
+#[test] fn test_count_parallel_4() { test_count() }
+#[test] fn test_count_parallel_5() { test_count() }
+#[test] fn test_count_parallel_6() { test_count() }
+#[test] fn test_count_parallel_7() { test_count() }
+#[test] fn test_count_parallel_8() { test_count() }
+#[test] fn test_count_parallel_9() { test_count() }

lib/Cargo.toml

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ url = "^1"
 hyper = { version = "^0.9.14", default-features = false }
 toml = { version = "^0.2", default-features = false }
 num_cpus = "1"
+state = "^0.2"
 # cookie = "^0.3"
 
 [dev-dependencies]

lib/src/lib.rs

@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ extern crate hyper;
 extern crate url;
 extern crate toml;
 extern crate num_cpus;
+extern crate state;
 
 #[cfg(test)] #[macro_use] extern crate lazy_static;
 
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ mod ext;
 #[doc(inline)] pub use outcome::Outcome;
 #[doc(inline)] pub use data::Data;
 pub use router::Route;
-pub use request::Request;
+pub use request::{Request, State};
 pub use error::Error;
 pub use catcher::Catcher;
 pub use rocket::Rocket;

lib/src/request/mod.rs

@@ -4,11 +4,13 @@ mod request;
 mod param;
 mod form;
 mod from_request;
+mod state;
 
 pub use self::request::Request;
 pub use self::from_request::{FromRequest, Outcome};
 pub use self::param::{FromParam, FromSegments};
 pub use self::form::{Form, FromForm, FromFormValue, FormItems};
+pub use self::state::State;
 
 /// Type alias to retrieve flash messages from a request.
 pub type FlashMessage = ::response::Flash<()>;

lib/src/request/request.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ use std::fmt;
 use term_painter::Color::*;
 use term_painter::ToStyle;
 
+use state::Container;
+
 use error::Error;
 use super::{FromParam, FromSegments};
 
@@ -28,6 +30,7 @@ pub struct Request<'r> {
     remote: Option<SocketAddr>,
     params: RefCell<Vec<(usize, usize)>>,
     cookies: Cookies,
+    state: Option<&'r Container>,
 }
 
 impl<'r> Request<'r> {
@@ -51,6 +54,7 @@ impl<'r> Request<'r> {
             remote: None,
             params: RefCell::new(Vec::new()),
             cookies: Cookies::new(&[]),
+            state: None
         }
     }
 
@@ -391,13 +395,25 @@ impl<'r> Request<'r> {
         Some(Segments(&path[i..j]))
     }
 
+    /// Get the managed state container, if it exists. For internal use only!
+    #[doc(hidden)]
+    pub fn get_state(&self) -> Option<&'r Container> {
+        self.state
+    }
+
+    /// Set the state. For internal use only!
+    #[doc(hidden)]
+    pub fn set_state(&mut self, state: &'r Container) {
+        self.state = Some(state);
+    }
+
     /// Convert from Hyper types into a Rocket Request.
     #[doc(hidden)]
     pub fn from_hyp(h_method: hyper::Method,
                     h_headers: hyper::header::Headers,
                     h_uri: hyper::RequestUri,
                     h_addr: SocketAddr,
-                    ) -> Result<Request<'static>, String> {
+                    ) -> Result<Request<'r>, String> {
         // Get a copy of the URI for later use.
         let uri = match h_uri {
             hyper::RequestUri::AbsolutePath(s) => s,

lib/src/request/state.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+use std::ops::Deref;
+
+use request::{self, FromRequest, Request};
+use outcome::Outcome;
+use http::Status;
+
+// TODO: Doc.
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct State<'r, T: Send + Sync + 'static>(&'r T);
+
+impl<'r, T: Send + Sync + 'static> State<'r, T> {
+    /// Retrieve a borrow to the underyling value.
+    ///
+    /// Using this method is typically unnecessary as `State` implements `Deref`
+    /// with a `Target` of `T`. This means Rocket will automatically coerce a
+    /// `State<T>` to an `&T` when the types call for it.
+    pub fn inner(&self) -> &'r T {
+        self.0
+    }
+}
+
+// TODO: Doc.
+impl<'a, 'r, T: Send + Sync + 'static> FromRequest<'a, 'r> for State<'r, T> {
+    type Error = ();
+
+    fn from_request(req: &'a Request<'r>) -> request::Outcome<State<'r, T>, ()> {
+        if let Some(state) = req.get_state() {
+            match state.try_get::<T>() {
+                Some(state) => Outcome::Success(State(state)),
+                None => {
+                    error_!("Attempted to retrieve unmanaged state!");
+                    Outcome::Failure((Status::InternalServerError, ()))
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            error_!("Internal Rocket error: managed state is unset!");
+            error_!("Please report this error in the Rocket GitHub issue tracker.");
+            Outcome::Failure((Status::InternalServerError, ()))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'r, T: Send + Sync + 'static> Deref for State<'r, T> {
+    type Target = T;
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &T {
+        self.0
+    }
+}

lib/src/rocket.rs

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ use std::io::{self, Write};
 use term_painter::Color::*;
 use term_painter::ToStyle;
 
+use state::Container;
+
 use {logger, handler};
 use ext::ReadExt;
 use config::{self, Config};
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ pub struct Rocket {
     router: Router,
     default_catchers: HashMap<u16, Catcher>,
     catchers: HashMap<u16, Catcher>,
+    state: Container
 }
 
 #[doc(hidden)]
@@ -175,9 +178,13 @@ impl Rocket {
 
     #[doc(hidden)]
     #[inline(always)]
-    pub fn dispatch<'r>(&self, request: &'r mut Request, data: Data) -> Response<'r> {
+    pub fn dispatch<'s, 'r>(&'s self, request: &'r mut Request<'s>, data: Data)
+            -> Response<'r> {
         info!("{}:", request);
 
+        // Inform the request about the state.
+        request.set_state(&self.state);
+
         // Do a bit of preprocessing before routing.
         self.preprocess_request(request, &data);
 
@@ -353,6 +360,7 @@ impl Rocket {
             router: Router::new(),
             default_catchers: catcher::defaults::get(),
             catchers: catcher::defaults::get(),
+            state: Container::new()
         }
     }
 
@@ -472,6 +480,50 @@ impl Rocket {
         self
     }
 
+    /// Add `state` to the state managed by this instance of Rocket.
+    ///
+    /// Managed state can be retrieved by any request handler via the
+    /// [State](/rocket/struct.State.html) request guard. In particular, if a
+    /// value of type `T` is managed by Rocket, adding `State<T>` to the list of
+    /// arguments in a request handler instructs Rocket to retrieve the managed
+    /// value.
+    ///
+    /// # Panics
+    ///
+    /// Panics if state of type `T` is already being managed.
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    ///
+    /// ```rust
+    /// # #![feature(plugin)]
+    /// # #![plugin(rocket_codegen)]
+    /// # extern crate rocket;
+    /// use rocket::State;
+    ///
+    /// struct MyValue(usize);
+    ///
+    /// #[get("/")]
+    /// fn index(state: State<MyValue>) -> String {
+    ///     format!("The stateful value is: {}", state.0)
+    /// }
+    ///
+    /// fn main() {
+    /// # if false { // We don't actually want to launch the server in an example.
+    ///     rocket::ignite()
+    ///         .manage(MyValue(10))
+    /// #       .launch()
+    /// # }
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    pub fn manage<T: Send + Sync + 'static>(self, state: T) -> Self {
+        if !self.state.set::<T>(state) {
+            error!("State for this type is already being managed!");
+            panic!("Aborting due to duplicately managed state.");
+        }
+
+        self
+    }
+
     /// Starts the application server and begins listening for and dispatching
     /// requests to mounted routes and catchers.
     ///

lib/src/testing.rs

@@ -111,12 +111,12 @@ use http::{Method, Header, Cookie};
 use std::net::SocketAddr;
 
 /// A type for mocking requests for testing Rocket applications.
-pub struct MockRequest {
+pub struct MockRequest<'r> {
-    request: Request<'static>,
+    request: Request<'r>,
     data: Data
 }
 
-impl MockRequest {
+impl<'r> MockRequest<'r> {
     /// Constructs a new mocked request with the given `method` and `uri`.
     #[inline]
     pub fn new<S: AsRef<str>>(method: Method, uri: S) -> Self {
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ impl MockRequest {
     /// assert_eq!(body_str, Some("Hello, world!".to_string()));
     /// # }
     /// ```
-    pub fn dispatch_with<'r>(&'r mut self, rocket: &Rocket) -> Response<'r> {
+    pub fn dispatch_with<'s>(&'s mut self, rocket: &'r Rocket) -> Response<'s> {
         let data = ::std::mem::replace(&mut self.data, Data::new(vec![]));
         rocket.dispatch(&mut self.request, data)
     }