Implement an API to request a graceful shutdown.

Additionally listen for Ctrl-C as a shutdown signal by default.

core/lib/Cargo.toml

@@ -19,9 +19,10 @@ edition = "2018"
 all-features = true
 
 [features]
-default = ["private-cookies"]
+default = ["private-cookies", "ctrl_c_shutdown"]
 tls = ["rocket_http/tls"]
 private-cookies = ["rocket_http/private-cookies"]
+ctrl_c_shutdown = ["tokio/signal"]
 
 [dependencies]
 rocket_codegen = { version = "0.5.0-dev", path = "../codegen" }

core/lib/src/error.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,13 @@ use yansi::Paint;
 use crate::http::hyper;
 use crate::router::Route;
 
+// TODO.async docs
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum Error {
+    Launch(LaunchError),
+    Run(hyper::Error),
+}
+
 /// The kind of launch error that occurred.
 ///
 /// In almost every instance, a launch error occurs because of an I/O error;
@@ -44,7 +51,9 @@ pub enum LaunchErrorKind {
 /// as inspected; a subsequent `drop` of the value will _not_ result in a panic.
 /// The following snippet illustrates this:
 ///
-/// ```rust
+// TODO.async This isn't true any more, as `.launch()` now returns a
+// `Result<(), crate::error::Error>`, which could also be a runtime error.
+/// ```rust,ignore
 /// # if false {
 /// let error = rocket::ignite().launch();
 ///
@@ -106,11 +115,14 @@ impl LaunchError {
     /// # Example
     ///
     /// ```rust
+    /// use rocket::error::Error;
     /// # if false {
-    /// let error = rocket::ignite().launch();
-    ///
-    /// // This line is only reached if launch failed.
-    /// let error_kind = error.kind();
+    /// if let Err(error) = rocket::ignite().launch() {
+    ///     match error {
+    ///         Error::Launch(err) => println!("Found a launch error: {}", err.kind()),
+    ///         Error::Run(err) => println!("Error at runtime"),
+    ///     }
+    /// }
     /// # }
     /// ```
     #[inline]

core/lib/src/lib.rs

@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ pub mod data;
 pub mod handler;
 pub mod fairing;
 pub mod error;
+pub mod shutdown;
 
 // Reexport of HTTP everything.
 pub mod http {

core/lib/src/rocket.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ use std::net::ToSocketAddrs;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::time::Duration;
 
-use futures::future::{Future, FutureExt, TryFutureExt, BoxFuture};
+use futures::future::{Future, FutureExt, BoxFuture};
+use futures::channel::{mpsc, oneshot};
 use futures::stream::StreamExt;
 use futures::task::SpawnExt;
 use futures_tokio_compat::Compat as TokioCompat;
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ use crate::error::{LaunchError, LaunchErrorKind};
 use crate::fairing::{Fairing, Fairings};
 use crate::logger::PaintExt;
 use crate::ext::AsyncReadExt;
+use crate::shutdown::{ShutdownHandle, ShutdownHandleManaged};
 
 use crate::http::{Method, Status, Header};
 use crate::http::hyper::{self, header};
@@ -43,6 +45,8 @@ pub struct Rocket {
     catchers: HashMap<u16, Catcher>,
     pub(crate) state: Container,
     fairings: Fairings,
+    shutdown_handle: ShutdownHandle,
+    shutdown_receiver: Option<mpsc::Receiver<()>>,
 }
 
 // This function tries to hide all of the Hyper-ness from Rocket. It
@@ -464,14 +468,22 @@ impl Rocket {
                           Paint::default(LoggedValue(value)).bold());
         }
 
-        Rocket {
+        let (shutdown_sender, shutdown_receiver) = mpsc::channel(1);
+
+        let rocket = Rocket {
             config,
             router: Router::new(),
             default_catchers: catcher::defaults::get(),
             catchers: catcher::defaults::get(),
             state: Container::new(),
             fairings: Fairings::new(),
-        }
+            shutdown_handle: ShutdownHandle(shutdown_sender),
+            shutdown_receiver: Some(shutdown_receiver),
+        };
+
+        rocket.state.set(ShutdownHandleManaged(rocket.shutdown_handle.clone()));
+
+        rocket
     }
 
     /// Mounts all of the routes in the supplied vector at the given `base`
@@ -721,11 +733,10 @@ impl Rocket {
     /// });
     /// # }
     /// ```
-    // TODO.async Decide on an return type, possibly creating a discriminated union.
     pub fn spawn_on(
         mut self,
         runtime: &tokio::runtime::Runtime,
-    ) -> Result<impl Future<Output = Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>>>, LaunchError> {
+    ) -> Result<impl Future<Output = Result<(), hyper::Error>>, LaunchError> {
         #[cfg(feature = "tls")] use crate::http::tls;
 
         self = self.prelaunch_check()?;
@@ -771,6 +782,11 @@ impl Rocket {
         // Restore the log level back to what it originally was.
         logger::pop_max_level();
 
+        // We need to get these values before moving `self` into an `Arc`.
+        let mut shutdown_receiver = self.shutdown_receiver
+            .take().expect("shutdown receiver has already been used");
+        let shutdown_handle = self.get_shutdown_handle();
+
         let rocket = Arc::new(self);
         let spawn = Box::new(TokioCompat::new(runtime.executor()));
         let service = hyper::make_service_fn(move |socket: &hyper::AddrStream| {
@@ -784,19 +800,54 @@ impl Rocket {
             }
         });
 
-        // NB: executor must be passed manually here, see hyperium/hyper#1537
-        let server = hyper::Server::builder(incoming)
-            .executor(runtime.executor())
-            .serve(service);
+        #[cfg(feature = "ctrl_c_shutdown")]
+        let (cancel_ctrl_c_listener_sender, cancel_ctrl_c_listener_receiver) = oneshot::channel();
+
+        // NB: executor must be passed manually here, see hyperium/hyper#1537
+        let (future, handle) = hyper::Server::builder(incoming)
+            .executor(runtime.executor())
+            .serve(service)
+            .with_graceful_shutdown(async move { shutdown_receiver.next().await; })
+            .inspect(|_| {
+                #[cfg(feature = "ctrl_c_shutdown")]
+                let _ = cancel_ctrl_c_listener_sender.send(());
+            })
+            .remote_handle();
 
-        let (future, handle) = server.remote_handle();
         runtime.spawn(future);
-        Ok(handle.err_into())
+
+        #[cfg(feature = "ctrl_c_shutdown")]
+        match tokio::net::signal::ctrl_c() {
+            Ok(mut ctrl_c) => {
+                runtime.spawn(async move {
+                    // Stop listening for `ctrl_c` if the server shuts down
+                    // a different way to avoid waiting forever.
+                    futures::future::select(
+                        ctrl_c.next(),
+                        cancel_ctrl_c_listener_receiver,
+                    ).await;
+
+                    // Request the server shutdown.
+                    shutdown_handle.shutdown();
+                });
+            },
+            Err(err) => {
+                // Signal handling isn't strictly necessary, so we can skip it
+                // if necessary. It's a good idea to let the user know we're
+                // doing so in case they are expecting certain behavior.
+                let message = "Not listening for shutdown keybinding.";
+                warn!("{}", Paint::yellow(message));
+                info_!("Error: {}", err);
+            },
+        }
+
+        Ok(handle)
     }
 
     /// Starts the application server and begins listening for and dispatching
-    /// requests to mounted routes and catchers. Unless there is an error, this
-    /// function does not return and blocks until program termination.
+    /// requests to mounted routes and catchers. This function does not return
+    /// unless a shutdown is requested via a [`ShutdownHandle`] or there is an
+    /// error.
     ///
     /// # Error
     ///
@@ -812,8 +863,9 @@ impl Rocket {
     /// rocket::ignite().launch();
     /// # }
     /// ```
-    // TODO.async Decide on an return type, possibly creating a discriminated union.
-    pub fn launch(self) -> Box<dyn std::error::Error> {
+    pub fn launch(self) -> Result<(), crate::error::Error> {
+        use crate::error::Error;
+
         // TODO.async What meaning should config.workers have now?
         // Initialize the tokio runtime
         let runtime = tokio::runtime::Builder::new()
@@ -821,14 +873,41 @@ impl Rocket {
             .build()
             .expect("Cannot build runtime!");
 
-        // TODO.async: Use with_graceful_shutdown, and let launch() return a Result<(), Error>
         match self.spawn_on(&runtime) {
-            Ok(fut) => match runtime.block_on(fut) {
-                Ok(_) => unreachable!("the call to `block_on` should block on success"),
-                Err(err) => err,
+            Ok(fut) => runtime.block_on(fut).map_err(Error::Run),
+            Err(err) => Err(Error::Launch(err)),
         }
-            Err(err) => Box::new(err),
     }
+
+    /// Returns a [`ShutdownHandle`], which can be used to gracefully terminate
+    /// the instance of Rocket. In routes, you should use the [`ShutdownHandle`]
+    /// request guard.
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    ///
+    /// ```rust
+    /// # #![feature(proc_macro_hygiene)]
+    /// # use std::{thread, time::Duration};
+    /// #
+    /// let rocket = rocket::ignite();
+    /// let handle = rocket.get_shutdown_handle();
+    /// # let real_handle = rocket.get_shutdown_handle();
+    ///
+    /// # if false {
+    /// thread::spawn(move || {
+    ///     thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(10));
+    ///     handle.shutdown();
+    /// });
+    /// # }
+    /// # real_handle.shutdown();
+    ///
+    /// // Shuts down after 10 seconds
+    /// let shutdown_result = rocket.launch();
+    /// assert!(shutdown_result.is_ok());
+    /// ```
+    #[inline(always)]
+    pub fn get_shutdown_handle(&self) -> ShutdownHandle {
+        self.shutdown_handle.clone()
     }
 
     /// Returns an iterator over all of the routes mounted on this instance of

core/lib/src/shutdown.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+use crate::request::{FromRequest, Outcome, Request};
+use futures::channel::mpsc;
+
+/// # Example
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// # #![feature(proc_macro_hygiene)]
+/// # #[macro_use] extern crate rocket;
+/// #
+/// use rocket::shutdown::ShutdownHandle;
+///
+/// #[get("/shutdown")]
+/// fn shutdown(handle: ShutdownHandle) -> &'static str {
+///     handle.shutdown();
+///     "Shutting down..."
+/// }
+///
+/// fn main() {
+///     # if false {
+///     rocket::ignite()
+///         .mount("/", routes![shutdown])
+///         .launch()
+///         .expect("server failed unexpectedly");
+///     # }
+/// }
+/// ```
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct ShutdownHandle(pub(crate) mpsc::Sender<()>);
+
+impl ShutdownHandle {
+    /// Notify Rocket to shut down gracefully.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn shutdown(mut self) {
+        // Intentionally ignore any error, as the only scenarios this can happen
+        // is sending too many shutdown requests or we're already shut down.
+        let _ = self.0.try_send(());
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromRequest<'_, '_> for ShutdownHandle {
+    type Error = std::convert::Infallible;
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn from_request(request: &Request<'_>) -> Outcome<Self, Self::Error> {
+        Outcome::Success(request.state.managed.get::<ShutdownHandleManaged>().0.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+// Use this type in managed state to avoid placing `ShutdownHandle` in it.
+pub(crate) struct ShutdownHandleManaged(pub ShutdownHandle);

examples/config/src/main.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 // This example's illustration is the Rocket.toml file.
 fn main() {
-    rocket::ignite().launch();
+    let _ = rocket::ignite().launch();
 }

examples/content_types/src/main.rs

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ fn not_found(request: &Request<'_>) -> Html<String> {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket::ignite()
+    let _ = rocket::ignite()
         .mount("/hello", routes![get_hello, post_hello])
         .register(catchers![not_found])
         .launch();

examples/cookies/src/main.rs

@@ -39,5 +39,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/errors/src/main.rs

@@ -26,5 +26,6 @@ fn main() {
         .launch();
 
     println!("Whoops! Rocket didn't launch!");
-    println!("This went wrong: {}", e);
+    // TODO.async Uncomment the following line once `.launch()`'s error type is determined.
+    // println!("This went wrong: {}", e);
 }

examples/fairings/src/main.rs

@@ -96,5 +96,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/form_kitchen_sink/src/main.rs

@@ -46,5 +46,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/form_validation/src/main.rs

@@ -82,5 +82,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/handlebars_templates/src/main.rs

@@ -78,5 +78,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/hello_2018/src/main.rs

@@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ fn hello() -> &'static str {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![hello]).launch();
+    let _ = rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![hello]).launch();
 }

examples/hello_person/src/main.rs

@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ fn hi(name: String) -> String {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![hello, hi]).launch();
+    let _ = rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![hello, hi]).launch();
 }

examples/hello_world/src/main.rs

@@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ fn hello() -> &'static str {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![hello]).launch();
+    let _ = rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![hello]).launch();
 }

examples/json/src/main.rs

@@ -77,5 +77,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/managed_queue/src/main.rs

@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/manual_routes/src/main.rs

@@ -118,5 +118,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/msgpack/src/main.rs

@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/optional_redirect/src/main.rs

@@ -27,5 +27,5 @@ fn login() -> &'static str {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![root, user, login]).launch();
+    let _ = rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![root, user, login]).launch();
 }

examples/pastebin/src/main.rs

@@ -56,5 +56,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/query_params/src/main.rs

@@ -37,5 +37,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/ranking/src/main.rs

@@ -17,5 +17,5 @@ fn hi(name: String, age: &RawStr) -> String {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![hi, hello]).launch();
+    let _ = rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![hi, hello]).launch();
 }

examples/raw_sqlite/src/main.rs

@@ -49,5 +49,5 @@ fn rocket() -> Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/raw_upload/src/main.rs

@@ -22,5 +22,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/redirect/src/main.rs

@@ -17,5 +17,5 @@ fn login() -> &'static str {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![root, login]).launch();
+    let _ = rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![root, login]).launch();
 }

examples/request_guard/src/main.rs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

examples/request_local_state/src/main.rs

@@ -51,5 +51,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/session/src/main.rs

@@ -86,5 +86,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/state/src/main.rs

@@ -31,5 +31,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/static_files/src/main.rs

@@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/stream/src/main.rs

@@ -32,5 +32,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/tera_templates/src/main.rs

@@ -43,5 +43,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/testing/src/main.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

examples/tls/src/main.rs

@@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ fn hello() -> &'static str {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![hello]).launch();
+    let _ = rocket::ignite().mount("/", routes![hello]).launch();
 }

examples/todo/src/main.rs

@@ -115,5 +115,5 @@ fn rocket() -> Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }

examples/uuid/src/main.rs

@@ -38,5 +38,5 @@ fn rocket() -> rocket::Rocket {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    rocket().launch();
+    let _ = rocket().launch();
 }