Rocket/core/lib/src/cookies.rs

598 lines
20 KiB
Rust

use std::fmt;
use parking_lot::Mutex;
use crate::Config;
use crate::http::private::cookie;
#[doc(inline)]
pub use self::cookie::{Cookie, SameSite, Iter};
/// Collection of one or more HTTP cookies.
///
/// `CookieJar` allows for retrieval of cookies from an incoming request. It
/// also tracks modifications (additions and removals) and marks them as
/// pending.
///
/// # Pending
///
/// Changes to a `CookieJar` are _not_ visible via the normal [`get()`] and
/// [`get_private()`] methods. This is typically the desired effect as a
/// `CookieJar` always reflects the cookies in an incoming request. In cases
/// where this is not desired, the [`get_pending()`] method is available, which
/// always returns the latest changes.
///
/// ```rust
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate rocket;
/// use rocket::http::{CookieJar, Cookie};
///
/// #[get("/message")]
/// fn message(jar: &CookieJar<'_>) {
/// jar.add(("message", "hello!"));
/// jar.add(Cookie::build(("session", "bye!")).expires(None));
///
/// // `get()` does not reflect changes.
/// assert!(jar.get("session").is_none());
/// assert_eq!(jar.get("message").map(|c| c.value()), Some("hi"));
///
/// // `get_pending()` does.
/// let session_pending = jar.get_pending("session");
/// let message_pending = jar.get_pending("message");
/// assert_eq!(session_pending.as_ref().map(|c| c.value()), Some("bye!"));
/// assert_eq!(message_pending.as_ref().map(|c| c.value()), Some("hello!"));
/// # jar.remove("message");
/// # assert_eq!(jar.get("message").map(|c| c.value()), Some("hi"));
/// # assert!(jar.get_pending("message").is_none());
/// }
/// # fn main() {
/// # use rocket::local::blocking::Client;
/// # let client = Client::debug_with(routes![message]).unwrap();
/// # let response = client.get("/message")
/// # .cookie(("message", "hi"))
/// # .dispatch();
/// #
/// # assert!(response.status().class().is_success());
/// # }
/// ```
///
/// # Usage
///
/// A type of `&CookieJar` can be retrieved via its `FromRequest` implementation
/// as a request guard or via the [`Request::cookies()`] method. Individual
/// cookies can be retrieved via the [`get()`] and [`get_private()`] methods.
/// Pending changes can be observed via the [`get_pending()`] method. Cookies
/// can be added or removed via the [`add()`], [`add_private()`], [`remove()`],
/// and [`remove_private()`] methods.
///
/// [`Request::cookies()`]: crate::Request::cookies()
/// [`get()`]: #method.get
/// [`get_private()`]: #method.get_private
/// [`get_pending()`]: #method.get_pending
/// [`add()`]: #method.add
/// [`add_private()`]: #method.add_private
/// [`remove()`]: #method.remove
/// [`remove_private()`]: #method.remove_private
///
/// ## Examples
///
/// The following example shows `&CookieJar` being used as a request guard in a
/// handler to retrieve the value of a "message" cookie.
///
/// ```rust
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate rocket;
/// use rocket::http::CookieJar;
///
/// #[get("/message")]
/// fn message<'a>(jar: &'a CookieJar<'_>) -> Option<&'a str> {
/// jar.get("message").map(|cookie| cookie.value())
/// }
/// # fn main() { }
/// ```
///
/// The following snippet shows `&CookieJar` being retrieved from a `Request` in
/// a custom request guard implementation for `User`. A [private cookie]
/// containing a user's ID is retrieved. If the cookie exists and the ID parses
/// as an integer, a `User` structure is validated. Otherwise, the guard
/// forwards.
///
/// [private cookie]: #method.add_private
///
/// ```rust
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate rocket;
/// # #[cfg(feature = "secrets")] {
/// use rocket::http::Status;
/// use rocket::request::{self, Request, FromRequest};
/// use rocket::outcome::IntoOutcome;
///
/// // In practice, we'd probably fetch the user from the database.
/// struct User(usize);
///
/// #[rocket::async_trait]
/// impl<'r> FromRequest<'r> for User {
/// type Error = std::convert::Infallible;
///
/// async fn from_request(request: &'r Request<'_>) -> request::Outcome<Self, Self::Error> {
/// request.cookies()
/// .get_private("user_id")
/// .and_then(|c| c.value().parse().ok())
/// .map(|id| User(id))
/// .or_forward(Status::Unauthorized)
/// }
/// }
/// # }
/// # fn main() { }
/// ```
///
/// # Private Cookies
///
/// _Private_ cookies are just like regular cookies except that they are
/// encrypted using authenticated encryption, a form of encryption which
/// simultaneously provides confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity. This
/// means that private cookies cannot be inspected, tampered with, or
/// manufactured by clients. If you prefer, you can think of private cookies as
/// being signed and encrypted.
///
/// Private cookies can be retrieved, added, and removed from a `CookieJar`
/// collection via the [`get_private()`], [`add_private()`], and
/// [`remove_private()`] methods.
///
/// ## Encryption Key
///
/// To encrypt private cookies, Rocket uses the 256-bit key specified in the
/// `secret_key` configuration parameter. If one is not specified, Rocket will
/// automatically generate a fresh key. Note, however, that a private cookie can
/// only be decrypted with the same key with which it was encrypted. As such, it
/// is important to set a `secret_key` configuration parameter when using
/// private cookies so that cookies decrypt properly after an application
/// restart. Rocket will emit a warning if an application is run in production
/// mode without a configured `secret_key`.
///
/// Generating a string suitable for use as a `secret_key` configuration value
/// is usually done through tools like `openssl`. Using `openssl`, for instance,
/// a 256-bit base64 key can be generated with the command `openssl rand -base64
/// 32`.
pub struct CookieJar<'a> {
jar: cookie::CookieJar,
ops: Mutex<Vec<Op>>,
config: &'a Config,
}
impl<'a> Clone for CookieJar<'a> {
fn clone(&self) -> Self {
CookieJar {
jar: self.jar.clone(),
ops: Mutex::new(self.ops.lock().clone()),
config: self.config,
}
}
}
#[derive(Clone)]
enum Op {
Add(Cookie<'static>, bool),
Remove(Cookie<'static>, bool),
}
impl Op {
fn cookie(&self) -> &Cookie<'static> {
match self {
Op::Add(c, _) | Op::Remove(c, _) => c
}
}
}
impl<'a> CookieJar<'a> {
#[inline(always)]
pub(crate) fn new(config: &'a Config) -> Self {
CookieJar::from(cookie::CookieJar::new(), config)
}
pub(crate) fn from(jar: cookie::CookieJar, config: &'a Config) -> Self {
CookieJar { jar, config, ops: Mutex::new(Vec::new()) }
}
/// Returns a reference to the _original_ `Cookie` inside this container
/// with the name `name`. If no such cookie exists, returns `None`.
///
/// **Note:** This method _does not_ observe changes made via additions and
/// removals to the cookie jar. To observe those changes, use
/// [`CookieJar::get_pending()`].
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate rocket;
/// use rocket::http::CookieJar;
///
/// #[get("/")]
/// fn handler(jar: &CookieJar<'_>) {
/// let cookie = jar.get("name");
/// }
/// ```
pub fn get(&self, name: &str) -> Option<&Cookie<'static>> {
self.jar.get(name)
}
/// Retrieves the _original_ `Cookie` inside this collection with the name
/// `name` and authenticates and decrypts the cookie's value. If the cookie
/// cannot be found, or the cookie fails to authenticate or decrypt, `None`
/// is returned.
///
/// **Note:** This method _does not_ observe changes made via additions and
/// removals to the cookie jar. To observe those changes, use
/// [`CookieJar::get_pending()`].
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate rocket;
/// use rocket::http::CookieJar;
///
/// #[get("/")]
/// fn handler(jar: &CookieJar<'_>) {
/// let cookie = jar.get_private("name");
/// }
/// ```
#[cfg(feature = "secrets")]
#[cfg_attr(nightly, doc(cfg(feature = "secrets")))]
pub fn get_private(&self, name: &str) -> Option<Cookie<'static>> {
self.jar.private(&self.config.secret_key.key).get(name)
}
/// Returns a reference to the _original or pending_ `Cookie` inside this
/// container with the name `name`, irrespective of whether the cookie was
/// private or not. If no such cookie exists, returns `None`.
///
/// In general, due to performance overhead, calling this method should be
/// avoided if it is known that a cookie called `name` is not pending.
/// Instead, prefer to use [`CookieJar::get()`] or
/// [`CookieJar::get_private()`].
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate rocket;
/// use rocket::http::CookieJar;
///
/// #[get("/")]
/// fn handler(jar: &CookieJar<'_>) {
/// let pending_cookie = jar.get_pending("name");
/// }
/// ```
pub fn get_pending(&self, name: &str) -> Option<Cookie<'static>> {
let ops = self.ops.lock();
for op in ops.iter().rev().filter(|op| op.cookie().name() == name) {
match op {
Op::Add(c, _) => return Some(c.clone()),
Op::Remove(_, _) => return None,
}
}
drop(ops);
#[cfg(feature = "secrets")] {
self.get_private(name).or_else(|| self.get(name).cloned())
}
#[cfg(not(feature = "secrets"))] {
self.get(name).cloned()
}
}
/// Adds `cookie` to this collection.
///
/// Unless a value is set for the given property, the following defaults are
/// set on `cookie` before being added to `self`:
///
/// * `path`: `"/"`
/// * `SameSite`: `Strict`
///
/// Furthermore, if TLS is enabled, the `Secure` cookie flag is set.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate rocket;
/// use rocket::http::{Cookie, SameSite, CookieJar};
///
/// #[get("/")]
/// fn handler(jar: &CookieJar<'_>) {
/// jar.add(("first", "value"));
///
/// let cookie = Cookie::build(("other", "value_two"))
/// .path("/")
/// .secure(true)
/// .same_site(SameSite::Lax);
///
/// jar.add(cookie);
/// }
/// ```
pub fn add<C: Into<Cookie<'static>>>(&self, cookie: C) {
let mut cookie = cookie.into();
Self::set_defaults(self.config, &mut cookie);
self.ops.lock().push(Op::Add(cookie, false));
}
/// Adds `cookie` to the collection. The cookie's value is encrypted with
/// authenticated encryption assuring confidentiality, integrity, and
/// authenticity. The cookie can later be retrieved using
/// [`get_private`](#method.get_private) and removed using
/// [`remove_private`](#method.remove_private).
///
/// Unless a value is set for the given property, the following defaults are
/// set on `cookie` before being added to `self`:
///
/// * `path`: `"/"`
/// * `SameSite`: `Strict`
/// * `HttpOnly`: `true`
/// * `Expires`: 1 week from now
///
/// Furthermore, if TLS is enabled, the `Secure` cookie flag is set. These
/// defaults ensure maximum usability and security. For additional security,
/// you may wish to set the `secure` flag.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate rocket;
/// use rocket::http::CookieJar;
///
/// #[get("/")]
/// fn handler(jar: &CookieJar<'_>) {
/// jar.add_private(("name", "value"));
/// }
/// ```
#[cfg(feature = "secrets")]
#[cfg_attr(nightly, doc(cfg(feature = "secrets")))]
pub fn add_private<C: Into<Cookie<'static>>>(&self, cookie: C) {
let mut cookie = cookie.into();
Self::set_private_defaults(self.config, &mut cookie);
self.ops.lock().push(Op::Add(cookie, true));
}
/// Removes `cookie` from this collection and generates a "removal" cookie
/// to send to the client on response. A "removal" cookie is a cookie that
/// has the same name as the original cookie but has an empty value, a
/// max-age of 0, and an expiration date far in the past.
///
/// **For successful removal, `cookie` must contain the same `path` and
/// `domain` as the cookie that was originally set. The cookie will fail to
/// be deleted if any other `path` and `domain` are provided. For
/// convenience, a path of `"/"` is automatically set when one is not
/// specified.** The full list of defaults when corresponding values aren't
/// specified is:
///
/// * `path`: `"/"`
/// * `SameSite`: `Lax`
///
/// <small>Note: a default setting of `Lax` for `SameSite` carries no
/// security implications: the removal cookie has expired, so it is never
/// transferred to any origin.</small>
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate rocket;
/// use rocket::http::{Cookie, CookieJar};
///
/// #[get("/")]
/// fn handler(jar: &CookieJar<'_>) {
/// // `path` and `SameSite` are set to defaults (`/` and `Lax`)
/// jar.remove("name");
///
/// // Use a custom-built cookie to set a custom path.
/// jar.remove(Cookie::build("name").path("/login"));
///
/// // Use a custom-built cookie to set a custom path and domain.
/// jar.remove(Cookie::build("id").path("/guide").domain("rocket.rs"));
/// }
/// ```
pub fn remove<C: Into<Cookie<'static>>>(&self, cookie: C) {
let mut cookie = cookie.into();
Self::set_removal_defaults(&mut cookie);
self.ops.lock().push(Op::Remove(cookie, false));
}
/// Removes the private `cookie` from the collection.
///
/// **For successful removal, `cookie` must contain the same `path` and
/// `domain` as the cookie that was originally set. The cookie will fail to
/// be deleted if any other `path` and `domain` are provided. For
/// convenience, a path of `"/"` is automatically set when one is not
/// specified.** The full list of defaults when corresponding values aren't
/// specified is:
///
/// * `path`: `"/"`
/// * `SameSite`: `Lax`
///
/// <small>Note: a default setting of `Lax` for `SameSite` carries no
/// security implications: the removal cookie has expired, so it is never
/// transferred to any origin.</small>
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate rocket;
/// use rocket::http::{CookieJar, Cookie};
///
/// #[get("/")]
/// fn handler(jar: &CookieJar<'_>) {
/// // `path` and `SameSite` are set to defaults (`/` and `Lax`)
/// jar.remove_private("name");
///
/// // Use a custom-built cookie to set a custom path.
/// jar.remove_private(Cookie::build("name").path("/login"));
///
/// // Use a custom-built cookie to set a custom path and domain.
/// let cookie = Cookie::build("id").path("/guide").domain("rocket.rs");
/// jar.remove_private(cookie);
/// }
/// ```
#[cfg(feature = "secrets")]
#[cfg_attr(nightly, doc(cfg(feature = "secrets")))]
pub fn remove_private<C: Into<Cookie<'static>>>(&self, cookie: C) {
let mut cookie = cookie.into();
Self::set_removal_defaults(&mut cookie);
self.ops.lock().push(Op::Remove(cookie, true));
}
/// Returns an iterator over all of the _original_ cookies present in this
/// collection.
///
/// **Note:** This method _does not_ observe changes made via additions and
/// removals to the cookie jar.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate rocket;
/// use rocket::http::CookieJar;
///
/// #[get("/")]
/// fn handler(jar: &CookieJar<'_>) {
/// for c in jar.iter() {
/// println!("Name: {:?}, Value: {:?}", c.name(), c.value());
/// }
/// }
/// ```
pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item=&Cookie<'static>> {
self.jar.iter()
}
/// Removes all delta cookies.
#[inline(always)]
pub(crate) fn reset_delta(&self) {
self.ops.lock().clear();
}
/// TODO: This could be faster by just returning the cookies directly via
/// an ordered hash-set of sorts.
pub(crate) fn take_delta_jar(&self) -> cookie::CookieJar {
let ops = std::mem::take(&mut *self.ops.lock());
let mut jar = cookie::CookieJar::new();
for op in ops {
match op {
Op::Add(c, false) => jar.add(c),
#[cfg(feature = "secrets")]
Op::Add(c, true) => {
jar.private_mut(&self.config.secret_key.key).add(c);
}
Op::Remove(mut c, _) => {
if self.jar.get(c.name()).is_some() {
c.make_removal();
jar.add(c);
} else {
jar.remove(c);
}
}
#[allow(unreachable_patterns)]
_ => unreachable!()
}
}
jar
}
/// Adds an original `cookie` to this collection.
#[inline(always)]
pub(crate) fn add_original(&mut self, cookie: Cookie<'static>) {
self.jar.add_original(cookie)
}
/// Adds an original, private `cookie` to the collection.
#[cfg(feature = "secrets")]
#[cfg_attr(nightly, doc(cfg(feature = "secrets")))]
#[inline(always)]
pub(crate) fn add_original_private(&mut self, cookie: Cookie<'static>) {
self.jar.private_mut(&self.config.secret_key.key).add_original(cookie);
}
/// For each property mentioned below, this method checks if there is a
/// provided value and if there is none, sets a default value. Default
/// values are:
///
/// * `path`: `"/"`
/// * `SameSite`: `Strict`
///
/// Furthermore, if TLS is enabled, the `Secure` cookie flag is set.
fn set_defaults(config: &Config, cookie: &mut Cookie<'static>) {
if cookie.path().is_none() {
cookie.set_path("/");
}
if cookie.same_site().is_none() {
cookie.set_same_site(SameSite::Strict);
}
if cookie.secure().is_none() && config.tls_enabled() {
cookie.set_secure(true);
}
}
/// For each property below, this method checks if there is a provided value
/// and if there is none, sets a default value. Default values are:
///
/// * `path`: `"/"`
/// * `SameSite`: `Lax`
fn set_removal_defaults(cookie: &mut Cookie<'static>) {
if cookie.path().is_none() {
cookie.set_path("/");
}
if cookie.same_site().is_none() {
cookie.set_same_site(SameSite::Lax);
}
}
/// For each property mentioned below, this method checks if there is a
/// provided value and if there is none, sets a default value. Default
/// values are:
///
/// * `path`: `"/"`
/// * `SameSite`: `Strict`
/// * `HttpOnly`: `true`
/// * `Expires`: 1 week from now
///
/// Furthermore, if TLS is enabled, the `Secure` cookie flag is set.
#[cfg(feature = "secrets")]
#[cfg_attr(nightly, doc(cfg(feature = "secrets")))]
fn set_private_defaults(config: &Config, cookie: &mut Cookie<'static>) {
if cookie.path().is_none() {
cookie.set_path("/");
}
if cookie.same_site().is_none() {
cookie.set_same_site(SameSite::Strict);
}
if cookie.http_only().is_none() {
cookie.set_http_only(true);
}
if cookie.expires().is_none() {
cookie.set_expires(time::OffsetDateTime::now_utc() + time::Duration::weeks(1));
}
if cookie.secure().is_none() && config.tls_enabled() {
cookie.set_secure(true);
}
}
}
impl fmt::Debug for CookieJar<'_> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
let pending: Vec<_> = self.ops.lock()
.iter()
.map(|c| c.cookie())
.cloned()
.collect();
f.debug_struct("CookieJar")
.field("original", &self.jar)
.field("pending", &pending)
.finish()
}
}