godot/core/math/math_2d.h

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/*  math_2d.h                                                            */
/*************************************************************************/
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/* Copyright (c) 2007-2018 Juan Linietsky, Ariel Manzur.                 */
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#ifndef MATH_2D_H
#define MATH_2D_H

#include "math_funcs.h"
#include "ustring.h"
#include "vector2.h"
/**
	@author Juan Linietsky <reduzio@gmail.com>
*/
enum Margin {

	MARGIN_LEFT,
	MARGIN_TOP,
	MARGIN_RIGHT,
	MARGIN_BOTTOM
};

enum Corner {

	CORNER_TOP_LEFT,
	CORNER_TOP_RIGHT,
	CORNER_BOTTOM_RIGHT,
	CORNER_BOTTOM_LEFT
};

enum Orientation {

	HORIZONTAL,
	VERTICAL
};

enum HAlign {

	HALIGN_LEFT,
	HALIGN_CENTER,
	HALIGN_RIGHT
};

enum VAlign {

	VALIGN_TOP,
	VALIGN_CENTER,
	VALIGN_BOTTOM
};

struct Transform2D;

struct Rect2 {

	Point2 position;
	Size2 size;

	const Vector2 &get_position() const { return position; }
	void set_position(const Vector2 &p_pos) { position = p_pos; }
	const Vector2 &get_size() const { return size; }
	void set_size(const Vector2 &p_size) { size = p_size; }

	real_t get_area() const { return size.width * size.height; }

	inline bool intersects(const Rect2 &p_rect) const {
		if (position.x >= (p_rect.position.x + p_rect.size.width))
			return false;
		if ((position.x + size.width) <= p_rect.position.x)
			return false;
		if (position.y >= (p_rect.position.y + p_rect.size.height))
			return false;
		if ((position.y + size.height) <= p_rect.position.y)
			return false;

		return true;
	}

	inline real_t distance_to(const Vector2 &p_point) const {

		real_t dist = 0.0;
		bool inside = true;

		if (p_point.x < position.x) {
			real_t d = position.x - p_point.x;
			dist = inside ? d : MIN(dist, d);
			inside = false;
		}
		if (p_point.y < position.y) {
			real_t d = position.y - p_point.y;
			dist = inside ? d : MIN(dist, d);
			inside = false;
		}
		if (p_point.x >= (position.x + size.x)) {
			real_t d = p_point.x - (position.x + size.x);
			dist = inside ? d : MIN(dist, d);
			inside = false;
		}
		if (p_point.y >= (position.y + size.y)) {
			real_t d = p_point.y - (position.y + size.y);
			dist = inside ? d : MIN(dist, d);
			inside = false;
		}

		if (inside)
			return 0;
		else
			return dist;
	}

	_FORCE_INLINE_ bool intersects_transformed(const Transform2D &p_xform, const Rect2 &p_rect) const;

	bool intersects_segment(const Point2 &p_from, const Point2 &p_to, Point2 *r_pos = NULL, Point2 *r_normal = NULL) const;

	inline bool encloses(const Rect2 &p_rect) const {

		return (p_rect.position.x >= position.x) && (p_rect.position.y >= position.y) &&
			   ((p_rect.position.x + p_rect.size.x) < (position.x + size.x)) &&
			   ((p_rect.position.y + p_rect.size.y) < (position.y + size.y));
	}

	inline bool has_no_area() const {

		return (size.x <= 0 || size.y <= 0);
	}
	inline Rect2 clip(const Rect2 &p_rect) const { /// return a clipped rect

		Rect2 new_rect = p_rect;

		if (!intersects(new_rect))
			return Rect2();

		new_rect.position.x = MAX(p_rect.position.x, position.x);
		new_rect.position.y = MAX(p_rect.position.y, position.y);

		Point2 p_rect_end = p_rect.position + p_rect.size;
		Point2 end = position + size;

		new_rect.size.x = MIN(p_rect_end.x, end.x) - new_rect.position.x;
		new_rect.size.y = MIN(p_rect_end.y, end.y) - new_rect.position.y;

		return new_rect;
	}

	inline Rect2 merge(const Rect2 &p_rect) const { ///< return a merged rect

		Rect2 new_rect;

		new_rect.position.x = MIN(p_rect.position.x, position.x);
		new_rect.position.y = MIN(p_rect.position.y, position.y);

		new_rect.size.x = MAX(p_rect.position.x + p_rect.size.x, position.x + size.x);
		new_rect.size.y = MAX(p_rect.position.y + p_rect.size.y, position.y + size.y);

		new_rect.size = new_rect.size - new_rect.position; //make relative again

		return new_rect;
	};
	inline bool has_point(const Point2 &p_point) const {
		if (p_point.x < position.x)
			return false;
		if (p_point.y < position.y)
			return false;

		if (p_point.x >= (position.x + size.x))
			return false;
		if (p_point.y >= (position.y + size.y))
			return false;

		return true;
	}

	inline bool no_area() const { return (size.width <= 0 || size.height <= 0); }

	bool operator==(const Rect2 &p_rect) const { return position == p_rect.position && size == p_rect.size; }
	bool operator!=(const Rect2 &p_rect) const { return position != p_rect.position || size != p_rect.size; }

	inline Rect2 grow(real_t p_by) const {

		Rect2 g = *this;
		g.position.x -= p_by;
		g.position.y -= p_by;
		g.size.width += p_by * 2;
		g.size.height += p_by * 2;
		return g;
	}

	inline Rect2 grow_margin(Margin p_margin, real_t p_amount) const {
		Rect2 g = *this;
		g = g.grow_individual((MARGIN_LEFT == p_margin) ? p_amount : 0,
				(MARGIN_TOP == p_margin) ? p_amount : 0,
				(MARGIN_RIGHT == p_margin) ? p_amount : 0,
				(MARGIN_BOTTOM == p_margin) ? p_amount : 0);
		return g;
	}

	inline Rect2 grow_individual(real_t p_left, real_t p_top, real_t p_right, real_t p_bottom) const {

		Rect2 g = *this;
		g.position.x -= p_left;
		g.position.y -= p_top;
		g.size.width += p_left + p_right;
		g.size.height += p_top + p_bottom;

		return g;
	}

	inline Rect2 expand(const Vector2 &p_vector) const {

		Rect2 r = *this;
		r.expand_to(p_vector);
		return r;
	}

	inline void expand_to(const Vector2 &p_vector) { //in place function for speed

		Vector2 begin = position;
		Vector2 end = position + size;

		if (p_vector.x < begin.x)
			begin.x = p_vector.x;
		if (p_vector.y < begin.y)
			begin.y = p_vector.y;

		if (p_vector.x > end.x)
			end.x = p_vector.x;
		if (p_vector.y > end.y)
			end.y = p_vector.y;

		position = begin;
		size = end - begin;
	}

	inline Rect2 abs() const {

		return Rect2(Point2(position.x + MIN(size.x, 0), position.y + MIN(size.y, 0)), size.abs());
	}

	operator String() const { return String(position) + ", " + String(size); }

	Rect2() {}
	Rect2(real_t p_x, real_t p_y, real_t p_width, real_t p_height) :
			position(Point2(p_x, p_y)),
			size(Size2(p_width, p_height)) {
	}
	Rect2(const Point2 &p_pos, const Size2 &p_size) :
			position(p_pos),
			size(p_size) {
	}
};

/* INTEGER STUFF */

struct Point2i {

	union {
		int x;
		int width;
	};
	union {
		int y;
		int height;
	};

	_FORCE_INLINE_ int &operator[](int p_idx) {
		return p_idx ? y : x;
	}
	_FORCE_INLINE_ const int &operator[](int p_idx) const {
		return p_idx ? y : x;
	}

	Point2i operator+(const Point2i &p_v) const;
	void operator+=(const Point2i &p_v);
	Point2i operator-(const Point2i &p_v) const;
	void operator-=(const Point2i &p_v);
	Point2i operator*(const Point2i &p_v1) const;

	Point2i operator*(const int &rvalue) const;
	void operator*=(const int &rvalue);

	Point2i operator/(const Point2i &p_v1) const;

	Point2i operator/(const int &rvalue) const;

	void operator/=(const int &rvalue);

	Point2i operator-() const;
	bool operator<(const Point2i &p_vec2) const { return (x == p_vec2.x) ? (y < p_vec2.y) : (x < p_vec2.x); }
	bool operator>(const Point2i &p_vec2) const { return (x == p_vec2.x) ? (y > p_vec2.y) : (x > p_vec2.x); }

	bool operator==(const Point2i &p_vec2) const;
	bool operator!=(const Point2i &p_vec2) const;

	real_t get_aspect() const { return width / (real_t)height; }

	operator String() const { return String::num(x) + ", " + String::num(y); }

	operator Vector2() const { return Vector2(x, y); }
	inline Point2i(const Vector2 &p_vec2) {
		x = (int)p_vec2.x;
		y = (int)p_vec2.y;
	}
	inline Point2i(int p_x, int p_y) {
		x = p_x;
		y = p_y;
	}
	inline Point2i() {
		x = 0;
		y = 0;
	}
};

typedef Point2i Size2i;

struct Rect2i {

	Point2i position;
	Size2i size;

	const Point2i &get_position() const { return position; }
	void set_position(const Point2i &p_pos) { position = p_pos; }
	const Point2i &get_size() const { return size; }
	void set_size(const Point2i &p_size) { size = p_size; }

	int get_area() const { return size.width * size.height; }

	inline bool intersects(const Rect2i &p_rect) const {
		if (position.x > (p_rect.position.x + p_rect.size.width))
			return false;
		if ((position.x + size.width) < p_rect.position.x)
			return false;
		if (position.y > (p_rect.position.y + p_rect.size.height))
			return false;
		if ((position.y + size.height) < p_rect.position.y)
			return false;

		return true;
	}

	inline bool encloses(const Rect2i &p_rect) const {

		return (p_rect.position.x >= position.x) && (p_rect.position.y >= position.y) &&
			   ((p_rect.position.x + p_rect.size.x) < (position.x + size.x)) &&
			   ((p_rect.position.y + p_rect.size.y) < (position.y + size.y));
	}

	inline bool has_no_area() const {

		return (size.x <= 0 || size.y <= 0);
	}
	inline Rect2i clip(const Rect2i &p_rect) const { /// return a clipped rect

		Rect2i new_rect = p_rect;

		if (!intersects(new_rect))
			return Rect2i();

		new_rect.position.x = MAX(p_rect.position.x, position.x);
		new_rect.position.y = MAX(p_rect.position.y, position.y);

		Point2 p_rect_end = p_rect.position + p_rect.size;
		Point2 end = position + size;

		new_rect.size.x = (int)(MIN(p_rect_end.x, end.x) - new_rect.position.x);
		new_rect.size.y = (int)(MIN(p_rect_end.y, end.y) - new_rect.position.y);

		return new_rect;
	}

	inline Rect2i merge(const Rect2i &p_rect) const { ///< return a merged rect

		Rect2i new_rect;

		new_rect.position.x = MIN(p_rect.position.x, position.x);
		new_rect.position.y = MIN(p_rect.position.y, position.y);

		new_rect.size.x = MAX(p_rect.position.x + p_rect.size.x, position.x + size.x);
		new_rect.size.y = MAX(p_rect.position.y + p_rect.size.y, position.y + size.y);

		new_rect.size = new_rect.size - new_rect.position; //make relative again

		return new_rect;
	};
	bool has_point(const Point2 &p_point) const {
		if (p_point.x < position.x)
			return false;
		if (p_point.y < position.y)
			return false;

		if (p_point.x >= (position.x + size.x))
			return false;
		if (p_point.y >= (position.y + size.y))
			return false;

		return true;
	}

	bool no_area() { return (size.width <= 0 || size.height <= 0); }

	bool operator==(const Rect2i &p_rect) const { return position == p_rect.position && size == p_rect.size; }
	bool operator!=(const Rect2i &p_rect) const { return position != p_rect.position || size != p_rect.size; }

	Rect2i grow(int p_by) const {

		Rect2i g = *this;
		g.position.x -= p_by;
		g.position.y -= p_by;
		g.size.width += p_by * 2;
		g.size.height += p_by * 2;
		return g;
	}

	inline void expand_to(const Point2i &p_vector) {

		Point2i begin = position;
		Point2i end = position + size;

		if (p_vector.x < begin.x)
			begin.x = p_vector.x;
		if (p_vector.y < begin.y)
			begin.y = p_vector.y;

		if (p_vector.x > end.x)
			end.x = p_vector.x;
		if (p_vector.y > end.y)
			end.y = p_vector.y;

		position = begin;
		size = end - begin;
	}

	operator String() const { return String(position) + ", " + String(size); }

	operator Rect2() const { return Rect2(position, size); }
	Rect2i(const Rect2 &p_r2) :
			position(p_r2.position),
			size(p_r2.size) {
	}
	Rect2i() {}
	Rect2i(int p_x, int p_y, int p_width, int p_height) :
			position(Point2(p_x, p_y)),
			size(Size2(p_width, p_height)) {
	}
	Rect2i(const Point2 &p_pos, const Size2 &p_size) :
			position(p_pos),
			size(p_size) {
	}
};

struct Transform2D {
	// Warning #1: basis of Transform2D is stored differently from Basis. In terms of elements array, the basis matrix looks like "on paper":
	// M = (elements[0][0] elements[1][0])
	//     (elements[0][1] elements[1][1])
	// This is such that the columns, which can be interpreted as basis vectors of the coordinate system "painted" on the object, can be accessed as elements[i].
	// Note that this is the opposite of the indices in mathematical texts, meaning: $M_{12}$ in a math book corresponds to elements[1][0] here.
	// This requires additional care when working with explicit indices.
	// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Row-_and_column-major_order for further reading.

	// Warning #2: 2D be aware that unlike 3D code, 2D code uses a left-handed coordinate system: Y-axis points down,
	// and angle is measure from +X to +Y in a clockwise-fashion.

	Vector2 elements[3];

	_FORCE_INLINE_ real_t tdotx(const Vector2 &v) const { return elements[0][0] * v.x + elements[1][0] * v.y; }
	_FORCE_INLINE_ real_t tdoty(const Vector2 &v) const { return elements[0][1] * v.x + elements[1][1] * v.y; }

	const Vector2 &operator[](int p_idx) const { return elements[p_idx]; }
	Vector2 &operator[](int p_idx) { return elements[p_idx]; }

	_FORCE_INLINE_ Vector2 get_axis(int p_axis) const {
		ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_axis, 3, Vector2());
		return elements[p_axis];
	}
	_FORCE_INLINE_ void set_axis(int p_axis, const Vector2 &p_vec) {
		ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_axis, 3);
		elements[p_axis] = p_vec;
	}

	void invert();
	Transform2D inverse() const;

	void affine_invert();
	Transform2D affine_inverse() const;

	void set_rotation(real_t p_rot);
	real_t get_rotation() const;
	_FORCE_INLINE_ void set_rotation_and_scale(real_t p_rot, const Size2 &p_scale);
	void rotate(real_t p_phi);

	void scale(const Size2 &p_scale);
	void scale_basis(const Size2 &p_scale);
	void translate(real_t p_tx, real_t p_ty);
	void translate(const Vector2 &p_translation);

	real_t basis_determinant() const;

	Size2 get_scale() const;

	_FORCE_INLINE_ const Vector2 &get_origin() const { return elements[2]; }
	_FORCE_INLINE_ void set_origin(const Vector2 &p_origin) { elements[2] = p_origin; }

	Transform2D scaled(const Size2 &p_scale) const;
	Transform2D basis_scaled(const Size2 &p_scale) const;
	Transform2D translated(const Vector2 &p_offset) const;
	Transform2D rotated(real_t p_phi) const;

	Transform2D untranslated() const;

	void orthonormalize();
	Transform2D orthonormalized() const;

	bool operator==(const Transform2D &p_transform) const;
	bool operator!=(const Transform2D &p_transform) const;

	void operator*=(const Transform2D &p_transform);
	Transform2D operator*(const Transform2D &p_transform) const;

	Transform2D interpolate_with(const Transform2D &p_transform, real_t p_c) const;

	_FORCE_INLINE_ Vector2 basis_xform(const Vector2 &p_vec) const;
	_FORCE_INLINE_ Vector2 basis_xform_inv(const Vector2 &p_vec) const;
	_FORCE_INLINE_ Vector2 xform(const Vector2 &p_vec) const;
	_FORCE_INLINE_ Vector2 xform_inv(const Vector2 &p_vec) const;
	_FORCE_INLINE_ Rect2 xform(const Rect2 &p_rect) const;
	_FORCE_INLINE_ Rect2 xform_inv(const Rect2 &p_rect) const;

	operator String() const;

	Transform2D(real_t xx, real_t xy, real_t yx, real_t yy, real_t ox, real_t oy) {

		elements[0][0] = xx;
		elements[0][1] = xy;
		elements[1][0] = yx;
		elements[1][1] = yy;
		elements[2][0] = ox;
		elements[2][1] = oy;
	}

	Transform2D(real_t p_rot, const Vector2 &p_pos);
	Transform2D() {
		elements[0][0] = 1.0;
		elements[1][1] = 1.0;
	}
};

bool Rect2::intersects_transformed(const Transform2D &p_xform, const Rect2 &p_rect) const {

	//SAT intersection between local and transformed rect2

	Vector2 xf_points[4] = {
		p_xform.xform(p_rect.position),
		p_xform.xform(Vector2(p_rect.position.x + p_rect.size.x, p_rect.position.y)),
		p_xform.xform(Vector2(p_rect.position.x, p_rect.position.y + p_rect.size.y)),
		p_xform.xform(Vector2(p_rect.position.x + p_rect.size.x, p_rect.position.y + p_rect.size.y)),
	};

	real_t low_limit;

	//base rect2 first (faster)

	if (xf_points[0].y > position.y)
		goto next1;
	if (xf_points[1].y > position.y)
		goto next1;
	if (xf_points[2].y > position.y)
		goto next1;
	if (xf_points[3].y > position.y)
		goto next1;

	return false;

next1:

	low_limit = position.y + size.y;

	if (xf_points[0].y < low_limit)
		goto next2;
	if (xf_points[1].y < low_limit)
		goto next2;
	if (xf_points[2].y < low_limit)
		goto next2;
	if (xf_points[3].y < low_limit)
		goto next2;

	return false;

next2:

	if (xf_points[0].x > position.x)
		goto next3;
	if (xf_points[1].x > position.x)
		goto next3;
	if (xf_points[2].x > position.x)
		goto next3;
	if (xf_points[3].x > position.x)
		goto next3;

	return false;

next3:

	low_limit = position.x + size.x;

	if (xf_points[0].x < low_limit)
		goto next4;
	if (xf_points[1].x < low_limit)
		goto next4;
	if (xf_points[2].x < low_limit)
		goto next4;
	if (xf_points[3].x < low_limit)
		goto next4;

	return false;

next4:

	Vector2 xf_points2[4] = {
		position,
		Vector2(position.x + size.x, position.y),
		Vector2(position.x, position.y + size.y),
		Vector2(position.x + size.x, position.y + size.y),
	};

	real_t maxa = p_xform.elements[0].dot(xf_points2[0]);
	real_t mina = maxa;

	real_t dp = p_xform.elements[0].dot(xf_points2[1]);
	maxa = MAX(dp, maxa);
	mina = MIN(dp, mina);

	dp = p_xform.elements[0].dot(xf_points2[2]);
	maxa = MAX(dp, maxa);
	mina = MIN(dp, mina);

	dp = p_xform.elements[0].dot(xf_points2[3]);
	maxa = MAX(dp, maxa);
	mina = MIN(dp, mina);

	real_t maxb = p_xform.elements[0].dot(xf_points[0]);
	real_t minb = maxb;

	dp = p_xform.elements[0].dot(xf_points[1]);
	maxb = MAX(dp, maxb);
	minb = MIN(dp, minb);

	dp = p_xform.elements[0].dot(xf_points[2]);
	maxb = MAX(dp, maxb);
	minb = MIN(dp, minb);

	dp = p_xform.elements[0].dot(xf_points[3]);
	maxb = MAX(dp, maxb);
	minb = MIN(dp, minb);

	if (mina > maxb)
		return false;
	if (minb > maxa)
		return false;

	maxa = p_xform.elements[1].dot(xf_points2[0]);
	mina = maxa;

	dp = p_xform.elements[1].dot(xf_points2[1]);
	maxa = MAX(dp, maxa);
	mina = MIN(dp, mina);

	dp = p_xform.elements[1].dot(xf_points2[2]);
	maxa = MAX(dp, maxa);
	mina = MIN(dp, mina);

	dp = p_xform.elements[1].dot(xf_points2[3]);
	maxa = MAX(dp, maxa);
	mina = MIN(dp, mina);

	maxb = p_xform.elements[1].dot(xf_points[0]);
	minb = maxb;

	dp = p_xform.elements[1].dot(xf_points[1]);
	maxb = MAX(dp, maxb);
	minb = MIN(dp, minb);

	dp = p_xform.elements[1].dot(xf_points[2]);
	maxb = MAX(dp, maxb);
	minb = MIN(dp, minb);

	dp = p_xform.elements[1].dot(xf_points[3]);
	maxb = MAX(dp, maxb);
	minb = MIN(dp, minb);

	if (mina > maxb)
		return false;
	if (minb > maxa)
		return false;

	return true;
}

Vector2 Transform2D::basis_xform(const Vector2 &p_vec) const {

	return Vector2(
			tdotx(p_vec),
			tdoty(p_vec));
}

Vector2 Transform2D::basis_xform_inv(const Vector2 &p_vec) const {

	return Vector2(
			elements[0].dot(p_vec),
			elements[1].dot(p_vec));
}

Vector2 Transform2D::xform(const Vector2 &p_vec) const {

	return Vector2(
				   tdotx(p_vec),
				   tdoty(p_vec)) +
		   elements[2];
}
Vector2 Transform2D::xform_inv(const Vector2 &p_vec) const {

	Vector2 v = p_vec - elements[2];

	return Vector2(
			elements[0].dot(v),
			elements[1].dot(v));
}
Rect2 Transform2D::xform(const Rect2 &p_rect) const {

	Vector2 x = elements[0] * p_rect.size.x;
	Vector2 y = elements[1] * p_rect.size.y;
	Vector2 pos = xform(p_rect.position);

	Rect2 new_rect;
	new_rect.position = pos;
	new_rect.expand_to(pos + x);
	new_rect.expand_to(pos + y);
	new_rect.expand_to(pos + x + y);
	return new_rect;
}

void Transform2D::set_rotation_and_scale(real_t p_rot, const Size2 &p_scale) {

	elements[0][0] = Math::cos(p_rot) * p_scale.x;
	elements[1][1] = Math::cos(p_rot) * p_scale.y;
	elements[1][0] = -Math::sin(p_rot) * p_scale.y;
	elements[0][1] = Math::sin(p_rot) * p_scale.x;
}

Rect2 Transform2D::xform_inv(const Rect2 &p_rect) const {

	Vector2 ends[4] = {
		xform_inv(p_rect.position),
		xform_inv(Vector2(p_rect.position.x, p_rect.position.y + p_rect.size.y)),
		xform_inv(Vector2(p_rect.position.x + p_rect.size.x, p_rect.position.y + p_rect.size.y)),
		xform_inv(Vector2(p_rect.position.x + p_rect.size.x, p_rect.position.y))
	};

	Rect2 new_rect;
	new_rect.position = ends[0];
	new_rect.expand_to(ends[1]);
	new_rect.expand_to(ends[2]);
	new_rect.expand_to(ends[3]);

	return new_rect;
}

#endif