8.9 KiB
Rocket
Rocket is web framework for Rust (nightly) with a focus on ease-of-use, expressibility, and speed. Here's an example of a complete Rocket application:
#![feature(plugin, decl_macro)]
#![plugin(rocket_codegen)]
extern crate rocket;
#[get("/<name>/<age>")]
fn hello(name: String, age: u8) -> String {
format!("Hello, {} year old named {}!", age, name)
}
fn main() {
rocket::ignite().mount("/hello", routes![hello]).launch();
}
Visiting localhost:8000/hello/John/58, for example, will trigger the hello
route resulting in the string Hello, 58 year old named John! being sent to the
browser. If an <age> string was passed in that can't be parsed as a u8, the
route won't get called, resulting in a 404 error.
Documentation
Rocket is extensively documented:
- Overview: A brief look at what makes Rocket special.
- Quickstart: How to get started as quickly as possible.
- Getting Started: How to start your first Rocket project.
- Guide: A detailed guide and reference to Rocket.
- API Documentation: The "rustdocs".
The official community support channels are the #rocket IRC channel on the
Mozilla IRC Server at irc.mozilla.org and the
bridged Rocket room on
Matrix. If you're not
familiar with IRC, we recommend chatting through Matrix via
Riot or via the Kiwi
web IRC client. You can
learn more about IRC via Mozilla's Getting Started with
IRC
guide.
Building
Nightly
Rocket requires a nightly version of Rust as it makes heavy use of syntax
extensions. This means that the first two unwieldly lines in the introductory
example above are required. Due to an issue in a Rocket dependency (see
#513), you must currently build Rocket with a nightly between
nightly-2017-12-18 and nightly-2017-12-21.
Core, Codegen, and Contrib
All of the Rocket libraries are managed by Cargo. As a result, compiling them is simple.
- Core:
cd lib && cargo build - Codegen:
cd codegen && cargo build - Contrib:
cd contrib && cargo build --all-features
Examples
Rocket ships with an extensive number of examples in the examples/ directory
which can be compiled and run with Cargo. For instance, the following sequence
of commands builds and runs the Hello, world! example:
cd examples/hello_world
cargo run
You should see Hello, world! by visiting http://localhost:8000.
Testing
To test Rocket, simply run ./scripts/test.sh from the root of the source tree.
This will build and test the core, codegen, and contrib libraries as well
as all of the examples. This is the script that gets run by Travis CI. To test a
crate individually, run cargo test --all-features.
Core
Testing for the core library is done inline in the corresponding module. For
example, the tests for routing can be found at the bottom of the
lib/src/router/mod.rs file.
Codegen
Code generation tests can be found in codegen/tests. We use the
compiletest library, which was
extracted from rustc, for testing. See the compiler test
documentation
for information on how to write compiler tests.
Documentation
You can build the Rocket API documentation locally by running
./scripts/mk-docs.sh. The resulting documentation is what gets uploaded to
api.rocket.rs.
Contributing
Contributions are absolutely, positively welcome and encouraged! Contributions come in many forms. You could:
- Submit a feature request or bug report as an issue.
- Ask for improved documentation as an issue.
- Comment on issues that require feedback.
- Contribute code via pull requests.
We aim to keep Rocket's code quality at the highest level. This means that any code you contribute must be:
- Commented: Public items must be commented.
- Documented: Exposed items must have rustdoc comments with examples, if applicable.
- Styled: Your code should be
rustfmt'd when possible. - Simple: Your code should accomplish its task as simply and idiomatically as possible.
- Tested: You must add (and pass) convincing tests for any functionality you add.
- Focused: Your code should do what it's supposed to do and nothing more.
All pull requests are code reviewed and tested by the CI. Note that unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in Rocket by you shall be dual licensed under the MIT License and Apache License, Version 2.0, without any additional terms or conditions.
Performance
Rocket is designed to be performant. At this time, its performance is bottlenecked by the Hyper HTTP library. Even so, Rocket currently performs significantly better than the latest version of multithreaded asynchronous Hyper on a simple "Hello, world!" benchmark. Rocket also performs significantly better than the Iron web framework:
Machine Specs:
- Logical Cores: 12 (6 cores x 2 threads)
- Memory: 24gb ECC DDR3 @ 1600mhz
- Processor: Intel Xeon X5675 @ 3.07GHz
- Operating System: Mac OS X v10.11.6
Rocket v0.2-rc (8 LOC) results (best of 3, +/- 2000 req/s, +/- 5us latency):
Running 10s test @ http://localhost:80
1 threads and 18 connections
Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev
Latency 153.01us 42.25us 449.00us 75.54%
Req/Sec 75.58k 11.75k 90.22k 54.46%
758044 requests in 10.10s, 105.55MB read
Requests/sec: 75051.28
Transfer/sec: 10.45MB
Hyper v0.10-rotor (1/12/2016) (46 LOC) results (best of 3, +/- 5000 req/s, +/- 30us latency):
Running 10s test @ http://localhost:80
1 threads and 18 connections
Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev
Latency 287.81us 77.09us 606.00us 70.47%
Req/Sec 59.94k 6.01k 79.72k 71.00%
596231 requests in 10.00s, 83.02MB read
Requests/sec: 59621.32
Transfer/sec: 8.30MB
Iron v0.5.0 (11 LOC) results (best of 3, +/- 3000 req/s, +/- 500us latency):
Running 10s test @ http://localhost:80
1 threads and 18 connections
Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev
Latency 512.36us 5.57ms 149.99ms 99.60%
Req/Sec 58.25k 11.61k 70.47k 46.00%
579227 requests in 10.00s, 80.65MB read
Requests/sec: 57920.73
Transfer/sec: 8.06MB
Summary:
- Rocket throughput higher by 25.9% (higher is better) compared to Hyper.
- Rocket throughput higher by 29.6% (higher is better) compared to Iron.
- Rocket latency lower by 46.8% (lower is better) compared to Hyper.
- Rocket latency lower by 70.1% (lower is better) compared to Iron.
Future Improvements
Rocket is currently built on a synchronous HTTP backend. Once the Rust asynchronous I/O libraries have stabilized, a migration to a new, more performant HTTP backend is planned. We expect performance to improve significantly at that time. The Stabilize HTTP Library issue tracks the progress on this front.
License
Rocket is licensed under either of the following, at your option:
- Apache License, Version 2.0, (LICENSE-APACHE or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
- MIT License (LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
The Rocket website source is licensed under separate terms.